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In October 1863, The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement was created in Geneva, Switzerland, to provide nonpartisan care to the wounded and sick in times of war. The Red Cross emblem was adopted at this first International Conference as a symbol of neutrality and was to be used by national relief societies. The symbol is composed of five equal squares, sometimes referred to as a Greek cross. It was chosen because it is a reverse of the colors of the Swiss flag and because the red cross on a background of white was easily recognized and reproducible on battlefields.
The Geneva Conventions now recognize four emblems that are currently in use: the red cross, the red crescent (used in most Muslim countries), the red crystal (adopted in 2006) and the red shield of David emblem that is used by the Magen David Adom, Israel's humanitarian relief organization.
In August 1864, the Geneva Convention Treaty was signed by the representatives of 12 governments. The extraordinary efforts of Henry Dunant led to the eventual establishment of the International Red Cross.
The founding of the American Red Cross in 1881 was due to the devotion and dedication of Clara Barton. Today, the organization's actions, guided by its dedication to humanity and a desire to promote mutual understanding, friendship, cooperation, and lasting peace amongst all peoples, follow these fundamental principles: humanity, impartiality, neutrality, independence, voluntary service, unity, and universality.
 The humanitarian vision of individuals leads to the founding of the International and American Red Cross.
Early relief efforts respond to the bloodshed on the battlefield and the devastation of natural disasters.
Communities and volunteers answer the Red Cross call for help
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