Hiking and camping provide exercise and interest for people of any age. Just getting out and walking around is a wonderful way to see nature. Since unexpected things happen, however, the best way to help guarantee a good time for all is to plan ahead carefully and follow commonsense safety precautions.
- If you have any medical conditions, discuss your plans with your
health care provider and get approval before departing.
- Review the equipment, supplies and skills that you'll need. Consider
what emergencies could arise and how you would deal with those
situations. What if you got lost, or were unexpectedly confronted by an
animal? What if someone became ill or injured? What kind of weather might
you encounter? Add to your hiking checklist the
supplies you would need to deal with these situations.
- Make sure you have the skills you need for your camping or hiking
adventure. You may need to know how to read a compass, erect a temporary
shelter or give first aid. Practice your skills in advance.
- If your trip will be strenuous, get into good physical condition
before setting out. If you plan to climb or travel to high altitudes,
make plans for proper acclimatization to the altitude.
- It's safest to hike or camp with at least one companion. If you'll be
entering a remote area, your group should have a minimum of four people;
this way, if one is hurt, another can stay with the victim while two go
for help. If you'll be going into an area that is unfamiliar to you, take
along someone who knows the area or at least speak with those who do
before you set out.
- Some areas require you to have reservations or certain permits. If an
area is closed, do not go there. Find out in advance about any
regulations--there may be rules about campfires or guidelines about
wildlife.
- Pack emergency signaling devices, and know ahead of time the location
of the nearest telephone or ranger station in case an emergency does
occur on your trip.
- Leave a copy of your itinerary with a responsible person. Include such details as the make, year, and license plate of your car, the equipment you're bringing, the weather you've anticipated and when you plan to return.
Get trained in American Red Cross first aid before starting out. Contact your local American Red Cross chapter for a Community First Aid and Safety course.
What to Bring: A Hiking
Checklist
What you take will depend on where you are going and how long you plan to be away, but any backpack should include the following:
- Candle and matches
- Cell phone
- Clothing (always bring something warm, extra socks and rain gear)
- Compass
- First aid kit
- Food (bring extra)
- Flashlight
- Foil (to use as a cup or signaling device)
- Hat
- Insect repellent
- Map
- Nylon filament
- Pocket knife
- Pocket mirror (to use as a signaling device)
- Prescription glasses (an extra pair)
- Prescription medications for ongoing medical conditions
- Radio with batteries
- Space blanket or a piece of plastic (to use for warmth or shelter)
- Sunglasses
- Sunscreen
- Trash bag (makes an adequate poncho)
- Water
- Waterproof matches or matches in a waterproof tin
- Water purification tablets
- Whistle (to scare off animals or to use as a signaling device)
Always allow for bad weather and for the possibility that you may be forced to spend a night outdoors unexpectedly.
It's a good idea to assemble a separate "survival pack" for each hiker to have at all times. In a small waterproof container, place a pocket knife, compass, whistle, space blanket, nylon filament, water purification tablets, matches and candle. With these items, the chances of being able to survive in the wild are greatly improved.
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